*BEGIN GRAPHICS VERSION=442/420 ENCODING=7BIT
** "Creator" brian
** "Creation Date" Fri Apr 28 15:51:20 2000
** "Creation Version" 4.42 (1021.500)
** "Revisor" brian
** "Last Modified" Tue May  2 01:20:38 2000
** "Last Modified Version" 4.42 (1021.500)

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  "Principles to follow"
.TXT AT (375,750)
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 .STR
  L_SPACE 194 MARGINS <97 97 194 48>
  "\nIt's better to have part of your network fail than your whole
  network fail\nKeep different types of traffic - especially diff
 erent levels of trust - on PHYSICALLY SEPARATE NETWORKS (not jus
 t separate subnets on secondary addresses on the same cable) - s
 eparated at layer 3\nIf you have anything redundant (e.g. power 
 supplies, fans, network links), make sure they are continually m
 onitored"
.TXT AT (1591,4511)
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  L_SPACE 194
  "Approaches to resilience:"
.TXT AT (375,5000)
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  PARA <-250 250 0 0 1000 1 1 42>
  L_SPACE 194 MARGINS <97 97 194 48>
  "(1) Buy components which are inherently resilient\n\n"
 .STR
  L_SPACE 250 MARGINS <125 125 250 62>
  "\n(2) Build your network so it can withstand failures\n\n\n(3) 
 Do both"
END PICTURE

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  "A ready-made core network design"
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  "Applicability:"
.TXT AT (375,7928)
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 .STR
  PARA <-250 250 0 0 1000 1 1 51>
  V_SPACE <42 167 42>
  "Network within a single site. If you have multiple sites, repli
 cate this design at each site"
END PICTURE

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  L_SPACE 194
  "Features of this design"
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  "Scalability"
.TXT AT (375,1375)
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 .STR
  V_SPACE <42 167 42>
  "Links (switch ports) can be 10M, 100M, gigabit, or any combinat
 ion\nWhenever you run out of router ports, just plug another rou
 ter (or pair) into the core\nCore switches give you very high ag
 gregate bandwidth: e.g. 5 routers, each with two 100M interfaces
  = 1000M total bandwidth"
.TXT AT (375,2486)
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 FONT 2 SIZE 140000 BOLD ON MARGINS <0 0 0 0>
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 .STR
  "Resilience"
.TXT AT (375,2750)
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 .STR
  V_SPACE <42 167 42>
  "All routers are dual-attached; can withstand a failure of any s
 ingle interface, cable, or core switch\nOSPF provides end-to-end
  test of each link\nTraffic is always active down "
 .STR
  ITALICS ON
  "both "
 .STR
  ITALICS OFF
  "paths, so you have confidence that they are working"
.TXT AT (344,3875)
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 V_SPACE <0 194 0>
 FONT 2 SIZE 140000 BOLD ON MARGINS <0 0 0 0>
 TXTXYOFF <-15 140>
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 .STR
  "Ease of maintenance"
.TXT AT (375,4125)
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 FONT 0 SIZE 120000 BOLD OFF MARGINS <97 97 194 48>
 TXTXYOFF <0 0>
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 .STR
  V_SPACE <42 167 42>
  "Can power down and exchange core switches one at a time, with m
 inimal disruption to network\nFlexibility to mix and match route
 rs; outages limited to part of network"
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 .STR
  V_SPACE <42 167 42>
  "P.S. There is no magic in this design. An alternative way of th
 inking about it is that you have a bunch of routers which exchan
 ge data via a private network (two of them, for resilience)"
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.LINE AT (4875,7249)
 PNTS (0,0)(0,375)
.RECT AT (1500,6749)
 BACKFILL <1 2 5 0 0 0 0>
 THICKNESS 1
 PNTS (0,0)(500,0)(500,500)(0,500)(0,0)
.RECT AT (2500,6749)
 PNTS (0,0)(500,0)(500,500)(0,500)(0,0)
.RECT AT (3500,6749)
 PNTS (0,0)(500,0)(500,500)(0,500)(0,0)
.RECT AT (4500,6749)
 PNTS (0,0)(500,0)(500,500)(0,500)(0,0)
.TXT AT (375,5000)
 BACKFILL <1 0 5 1000 0 0 0>
 THICKNESS 0
 PARA <0 0 0 0 1000 1 1 51>
 V_SPACE <42 194 42>
 SIZE 120000 HOR_JUST LEFT
 PNTS (0,0)(6500,0)(6500,375)(0,375)(0,0)
 .STR
  V_SPACE <42 167 42>
  "Observation: all packets go through no more than 2 routers to r
 each their destination."
END PICTURE

SLIDE_INFO
 SLIDE_STYLE <0 -1 1>
END SLIDE_INFO
PICTURE
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 BACKFILL <1 0 0 0 0 0 0>
 LINEFILL <4 2 5 1000 0 0 0>
 THICKNESS 42
 PARA <0 0 0 0 1000 1 1 111>
 V_SPACE <0 194 0>
 SIZE 140000 HOR_JUST CENTER
 PNTS (0,0)(0,1250)
.LINE AT (2250,2500)
 THICKNESS 28
 PNTS (0,0)(1500,1375)
.LINE AT (2000,2500)
 THICKNESS 42
 PNTS (0,1375)(1500,0)
.LINE AT (3750,2500)
 THICKNESS 28
 PNTS (0,0)(0,1375)
.RECT AT (1750,2750)
 BACKFILL <1 2 5 0 0 0 0>
 LINEFILL <0 2 5 1000 0 0 0>
 THICKNESS 1
 PNTS (0,0)(2250,0)(2250,1250)(0,1250)(0,0)
.RECT AT (1750,2000)
 LINEFILL <6 2 5 1000 0 0 0>
 THICKNESS 28
 PNTS (0,0)(750,0)(750,500)(0,500)(0,0)
.RECT AT (3250,2000)
 PNTS (0,0)(750,0)(750,500)(0,500)(0,0)
.LINE AT (1875,1500)
 BACKFILL <1 0 0 0 0 0 0>
 LINEFILL <1 2 5 1000 0 0 0>
 THICKNESS 1 L_ARROW 1 R_ARROW 1
 PNTS (125,625)(0,0)
.LINE AT (2250,1500)
 PNTS (0,625)(125,0)
.LINE AT (3375,1500)
 PNTS (125,625)(0,0)
.LINE AT (3750,1500)
 PNTS (0,625)(125,0)
.TXT AT (1352,136)
 BACKFILL <1 0 5 1000 0 0 0>
 THICKNESS 0 L_ARROW 0 R_ARROW 0
 V_SPACE <0 333 0>
 FONT 2 SIZE 240000 BOLD ON L_SPACE 333 MARGINS <0 0 0 0>
 TXTXYOFF <-25 239>
 T_PNTS (0,239)(0,0)(4617,0)(4617,246)(0,246)(0,239)(4617,239)
 .STR
  L_SPACE 194
  "Backbone and border routers"
.TXT AT (1234,992)
 V_SPACE <0 194 0>
 FONT 0 SIZE 140000 BOLD OFF
 TXTXYOFF <1 133>
 T_PNTS (0,133)(0,0)(3266,0)(3266,370)(0,370)(0,133)(3266,133)
 .STR
  "External connectivity\n(upstream ISPs, peers, links to other si
 tes)"
.LINE AT (2375,2250)
 BACKFILL <1 0 0 0 0 0 0>
 THICKNESS 1 L_ARROW 1 R_ARROW 1 MARGINS <97 97 194 48>
 PNTS (0,0)(1000,0)
.TXT AT (334,3929)
 BACKFILL <1 0 5 1000 0 0 0>
 THICKNESS 0 L_ARROW 0 R_ARROW 0 FONT 2 BOLD ON HOR_JUST LEFT MARGINS <0 0 0 0>
 TXTXYOFF <-15 143>
 T_PNTS (0,143)(0,0)(397,0)(397,148)(0,148)(0,143)(397,143)
 .STR
  "BGP"
.TXT AT (375,4125)
 PARA <-250 250 0 1 1000 1 1 42>
 V_SPACE <42 194 42>
 FONT 0 SIZE 120000 BOLD OFF MARGINS <97 97 194 48>
 TXTXYOFF <0 0>
 PNTS (0,0)(6500,0)(6500,1500)(0,1500)(0,0)
 .STR
  V_SPACE <42 167 42>
  "Each router is dual-homed: one ethernet interface into each cor
 e.\nIf you only have a single border router that's fine, there w
 ill be no BGP, just a static default to your upstream provider. 
 It's a single point of failure of course.\nIf you have multiple 
 border/backbone routers, they will iBGP peer with each other.\nY
 our iBGP peering sessions should be between "
 .STR
  BOLD ON
  "loopback interfaces"
 .STR
  BOLD OFF
  " on your routers. This is so that if connectivity into the core
  switches changes, it does not affect any iBGP sessions."
.TXT AT (2706,2353)
 PARA <0 0 0 0 1000 1 1 111>
 V_SPACE <0 167 0>
 FONT 2 BOLD ON HOR_JUST CENTER L_SPACE 167 MARGINS <0 0 0 0>
 TXTXYOFF <-11 122>
 T_PNTS (0,122)(0,0)(389,0)(389,127)(0,127)(0,122)(389,122)
 .STR
  L_SPACE 194
  "iBGP"
.TXT AT (1400,1707)
 L_SPACE 167
 TXTXYOFF <-5 122>
 T_PNTS (0,122)(0,0)(441,0)(441,127)(0,127)(0,122)(441,122)
 .STR
  L_SPACE 194
  "eBGP"
.TXT AT (331,3001)
 V_SPACE <0 194 0>
 SIZE 140000 HOR_JUST LEFT
 TXTXYOFF <-2 139>
 T_PNTS (0,139)(0,0)(1159,0)(1159,182)(0,182)(0,139)(1159,139)
 .STR
  "Terminology"
.TXT AT (375,3250)
 PARA <0 0 0 0 1000 1 1 51>
 V_SPACE <42 194 42>
 FONT 0 SIZE 120000 BOLD OFF ITALICS ON MARGINS <97 97 194 48>
 TXTXYOFF <0 0>
 PNTS (0,0)(6500,0)(6500,500)(0,500)(0,0)
 .STR
  V_SPACE <42 167 42>
  "Border routers"
 .STR
  ITALICS OFF
  " connect to your upstream providers or peers. "
 .STR
  ITALICS ON
  "Backbone routers"
 .STR
  ITALICS OFF
  " connect to WAN links between your sites. As far as this design
  is concerned, they are the same."
.TXT AT (375,5750)
 V_SPACE <0 139 0>
 FONT 3 SIZE 100000 ITALICS ON L_SPACE 139 MARGINS <69 69 139 34>
 PNTS (0,0)(6500,0)(6500,375)(0,375)(0,0)
 .STR
  ITALICS OFF L_SPACE 194 MARGINS <97 97 194 48>
  "\nneighbor x.x.x.x remote-as yyyy\n"
 .STR
  BOLD ON L_SPACE 139 MARGINS <69 69 139 34>
  "neighbor x.x.x.x update-source Loopback0 "
END PICTURE

SLIDE_INFO
 SLIDE_STYLE <0 -1 1>
END SLIDE_INFO
PICTURE
.LINE AT (2000,1125)
 BACKFILL <1 0 0 0 0 0 0>
 THICKNESS 42
 PARA <0 0 0 0 1000 1 1 111>
 V_SPACE <0 194 0>
 FONT 0 SIZE 140000 BOLD OFF HOR_JUST CENTER L_SPACE 194 MARGINS <97 97 194 48>
 PNTS (0,0)(0,1250)
.LINE AT (2250,1125)
 LINEFILL <5 2 5 1000 0 0 0>
 THICKNESS 28
 PNTS (0,0)(1500,1375)
.LINE AT (2000,1125)
 LINEFILL <1 2 5 1000 0 0 0>
 THICKNESS 42
 PNTS (0,1375)(1500,0)
.LINE AT (3750,1125)
 LINEFILL <5 2 5 1000 0 0 0>
 THICKNESS 28
 PNTS (0,0)(0,1375)
.POL AT (2000,2500)
 LINEFILL <1 2 5 1000 0 0 0>
 THICKNESS 42
 PNTS (0,0)(250,1375)
.LINE AT (2500,2500)
 LINEFILL <5 2 5 1000 0 0 0>
 THICKNESS 28
 PNTS (1250,0)(0,1375)
.LINE AT (3500,2500)
 PNTS (250,0)(0,1375)
.POL AT (2000,2500)
 LINEFILL <1 2 5 1000 0 0 0>
 THICKNESS 42
 PNTS (0,0)(1250,1375)
.RECT AT (2000,3875)
 BACKFILL <1 2 5 0 0 0 0>
 LINEFILL <5 2 5 1000 0 0 0>
 THICKNESS 28
 PNTS (0,0)(750,0)(750,500)(0,500)(0,0)
.RECT AT (3000,3875)
 PNTS (0,0)(750,0)(750,500)(0,500)(0,0)
.ELL AT (1250,2000)
 LINEFILL <1 2 5 1000 0 0 0>
 THICKNESS 42
 PNTS (0,0)(1500,0)(1500,1000)(0,1000)(0,0)
.ELL AT (3000,2000)
 LINEFILL <5 2 5 1000 0 0 0>
 THICKNESS 28
 PNTS (0,0)(1500,0)(1500,1000)(0,1000)(0,0)
.RECT AT (1750,625)
 PNTS (0,0)(750,0)(750,500)(0,500)(0,0)
.RECT AT (3250,625)
 PNTS (0,0)(750,0)(750,500)(0,500)(0,0)
.TXT AT (2606,130)
 BACKFILL <1 0 5 1000 0 0 0>
 LINEFILL <1 2 5 1000 0 0 0>
 THICKNESS 0
 V_SPACE <0 333 0>
 FONT 2 SIZE 240000 BOLD ON L_SPACE 333 MARGINS <0 0 0 0>
 TXTXYOFF <-14 245>
 T_PNTS (0,245)(0,0)(2109,0)(2109,253)(0,253)(0,245)(2109,245)
 .STR
  L_SPACE 194
  "Core network"
.TXT AT (327,9179)
 V_SPACE <0 194 0>
 SIZE 140000 HOR_JUST LEFT
 TXTXYOFF <-8 143>
 T_PNTS (0,143)(0,0)(4965,0)(4965,176)(0,176)(0,143)(4965,143)
 .STR
  "Choice of switches: note, must be switches, not hubs!"
.TXT AT (375,9375)
 PARA <-250 250 0 1 1000 1 1 42>
 V_SPACE <42 194 42>
 FONT 0 SIZE 120000 BOLD OFF MARGINS <97 97 194 48>
 TXTXYOFF <0 0>
 PNTS (0,0)(6500,0)(6500,1375)(0,1375)(0,0)
 .STR
  V_SPACE <42 167 42>
  "The key feature to look for is non-blocking. performance The sc
 alability depends on being able to pump more and more traffic th
 rough the switch without it losing packets.\nAppropriate number 
 and speed of ports for the types of routers you want to connect\n
 For extra reliability, choose switches with redundant power supp
 lies and fans if you can afford them\nSNMP management (allocate 
 one IP address on each core to the switch itself)"
.TXT AT (375,6375)
 PARA <0 0 0 0 1000 1 1 51>
 V_SPACE <42 194 42>
 PNTS (0,0)(6500,0)(6500,750)(0,750)(0,0)
 .STR
  V_SPACE <42 167 42>
  "(If you follow these recommendations, the router with the lowes
 t defaultroute metric will be the \"preferred\" router for outgo
 ing traffic from the access routers. Routing of outgoing traffic
  may not be optimal - it may hit the 'wrong' router first and be
  bounced to the right one - but this is typically not a problem)
 "
.TXT AT (375,7125)
 PARA <-250 250 0 1 1000 1 1 42>
 V_SPACE <42 194 42>
 PNTS (0,0)(6500,0)(6500,2000)(0,2000)(0,0)
 .STR
  V_SPACE <42 167 42>
  "Use MD5 authentication. Disable OSPF except on necessary interf
 aces.\nFor ease of maintenance: use hellointerval 2 secs, router
 deadinterval 8 secs\nChoose appropriate costs, so that 10M is mo
 re expensive than 100M, and 100M more expensive than gigabit\nTr
 y to keep routes within one site within larger netblocks. This w
 ill allow you to use multi-area OSPF and aggregation later. (Oft
 en not possible with customer netblocks)\nNotice that the same r
 outers are visible as neighbors by multiple paths. Some older ve
 rsions of IOS, e.g. 11.3(8), had problems with this; if you lost
  one connection, they would think that the neighbor was not reac
 hable via the other. Use a recent 12.0 release."
.TXT AT (327,5429)
 PARA <0 0 0 0 1000 1 1 111>
 V_SPACE <0 194 0>
 FONT 2 SIZE 140000 BOLD ON MARGINS <0 0 0 0>
 TXTXYOFF <-8 143>
 T_PNTS (0,143)(0,0)(515,0)(515,148)(0,148)(0,143)(515,143)
 .STR
  "OSPF"
.TXT AT (375,5625)
 PARA <-250 250 0 1 1000 1 1 42>
 V_SPACE <42 194 42>
 FONT 0 SIZE 120000 BOLD OFF MARGINS <97 97 194 48>
 TXTXYOFF <0 0>
 PNTS (0,0)(6500,0)(6500,750)(0,750)(0,0)
 .STR
  V_SPACE <42 167 42>
  "Border routers only should originate "
 .STR
  BOLD ON
  "defaultroute"
 .STR
  BOLD OFF
  " into the OSPF cloud. Never attempt to redistribute BGP into OS
 PF!\nOriginate defaultroute with a different metric from each bo
 rder router"
.LINE AT (4750,1000)
 BACKFILL <1 0 0 0 0 0 0>
 THICKNESS 28 L_ARROW 1 R_ARROW 1
 PARA <0 0 0 0 1000 1 1 111>
 V_SPACE <0 194 0>
 SIZE 140000 HOR_JUST CENTER
 PNTS (0,0)(0,3000)
.TXT AT (4838,2375)
 BACKFILL <1 0 5 1000 0 0 0>
 THICKNESS 0 L_ARROW 0 R_ARROW 0
 V_SPACE <0 250 0>
 FONT 2 SIZE 180000 BOLD ON L_SPACE 250 MARGINS <0 0 0 0>
 TXTXYOFF <-10 184>
 T_PNTS (0,184)(0,0)(662,0)(662,190)(0,190)(0,184)(662,184)
 .STR
  L_SPACE 194
  "OSPF"
.TXT AT (327,4679)
 V_SPACE <0 194 0>
 SIZE 140000 HOR_JUST LEFT
 TXTXYOFF <-8 143>
 T_PNTS (0,143)(0,0)(700,0)(700,148)(0,148)(0,143)(700,143)
 .STR
  "General"
.TXT AT (375,4875)
 PARA <-250 250 0 1 1000 1 1 42>
 V_SPACE <42 194 42>
 FONT 0 SIZE 120000 BOLD OFF MARGINS <97 97 194 48>
 TXTXYOFF <0 0>
 PNTS (0,0)(6500,0)(6500,500)(0,500)(0,0)
 .STR
  V_SPACE <42 167 42>
  "Thanks to equal-cost multipath, a router with 2x10M connections
  has 20M of bandwidth available; a router with 2x100M connection
 s has 200M available"
END PICTURE

SLIDE_INFO
 SLIDE_STYLE <0 -1 1>
END SLIDE_INFO
PICTURE
.LINE AT (750,-125)
 BACKFILL <1 0 0 0 0 0 0>
 THICKNESS 42
 PARA <0 0 0 0 1000 1 1 111>
 V_SPACE <0 194 0>
 SIZE 140000 HOR_JUST CENTER
 PNTS (0,1375)(1375,0)
.LINE AT (1000,-125)
 LINEFILL <5 2 5 1000 0 0 0>
 THICKNESS 28
 PNTS (0,1375)(2875,0)
.POL AT (2125,-125)
 LINEFILL <1 2 5 1000 0 0 0>
 THICKNESS 42
 PNTS (0,0)(250,1375)
.LINE AT (2625,-125)
 LINEFILL <5 2 5 1000 0 0 0>
 THICKNESS 28
 PNTS (1250,0)(0,1375)
.LINE AT (3625,-125)
 PNTS (250,0)(0,1375)
.POL AT (2125,-125)
 LINEFILL <1 2 5 1000 0 0 0>
 THICKNESS 42
 PNTS (0,0)(1250,1375)
.RECT AT (2125,1250)
 BACKFILL <1 2 5 0 0 0 0>
 THICKNESS 1
 PNTS (0,0)(750,0)(750,500)(0,500)(0,0)
.RECT AT (3125,1250)
 PNTS (0,0)(750,0)(750,500)(0,500)(0,0)
.RECT AT (500,1250)
 PNTS (0,0)(750,0)(750,500)(0,500)(0,0)
.LINE AT (625,1750)
 BACKFILL <1 0 0 0 0 0 0>
 PNTS (0,0)(0,375)
.LINE AT (875,1750)
 PNTS (0,0)(0,375)
.LINE AT (1125,1750)
 PNTS (0,0)(0,375)
.TXT AT (2036,2742)
 BACKFILL <1 0 5 1000 0 0 0>
 THICKNESS 0 MARGINS <0 0 0 0>
 TXTXYOFF <-2 133>
 T_PNTS (0,133)(0,0)(1839,0)(1839,137)(0,137)(0,133)(1839,133)
 .STR
  "Dual-attached networks"
.TXT AT (250,2242)
 TXTXYOFF <-7 133>
 T_PNTS (0,133)(0,0)(1198,0)(1198,331)(0,331)(0,133)(1198,133)
 .STR
  "Single-attached\nnetworks"
.POL AT (2750,1750)
 BACKFILL <1 0 0 0 0 0 0>
 THICKNESS 1 MARGINS <97 97 194 48>
 PNTS (0,0)(0,250)(500,250)(500,0)(500,0)
.LINE AT (2875,2000)
 PNTS (0,0)(0,125)
.LINE AT (3000,2000)
 PNTS (0,0)(0,125)
.LINE AT (3125,2000)
 PNTS (0,0)(0,125)
.POL AT (2500,1750)
 PNTS (0,0)(0,500)(1000,500)(1000,0)(1000,0)
.LINE AT (2875,2250)
 PNTS (0,0)(0,125)
.LINE AT (3000,2250)
 PNTS (0,0)(0,125)
.LINE AT (3125,2250)
 PNTS (0,0)(0,125)
.POL AT (2250,1750)
 PNTS (0,0)(0,750)(1500,750)(1500,0)(1500,0)
.LINE AT (2875,2500)
 PNTS (0,0)(0,125)
.LINE AT (3000,2500)
 PNTS (0,0)(0,125)
.LINE AT (3125,2500)
 PNTS (0,0)(0,125)
.RECT AT (500,-375)
 BACKFILL <1 2 5 0 0 0 0>
 LINEFILL <0 2 5 1000 0 0 0>
 PNTS (0,0)(3625,0)(3625,1375)(0,1375)(0,0)
.TXT AT (2452,136)
 BACKFILL <1 0 5 1000 0 0 0>
 LINEFILL <1 2 5 1000 0 0 0>
 THICKNESS 0
 V_SPACE <0 333 0>
 FONT 2 SIZE 240000 BOLD ON L_SPACE 333 MARGINS <0 0 0 0>
 TXTXYOFF <1 239>
 T_PNTS (0,239)(0,0)(2391,0)(2391,246)(0,246)(0,239)(2391,239)
 .STR
  L_SPACE 194
  "Access routers"
.TXT AT (327,5304)
 V_SPACE <0 194 0>
 SIZE 140000 HOR_JUST LEFT
 TXTXYOFF <-8 143>
 T_PNTS (0,143)(0,0)(3004,0)(3004,186)(0,186)(0,143)(3004,143)
 .STR
  "Connecting dial-in servers (NAS)"
.TXT AT (375,5500)
 PARA <-250 250 0 1 1000 1 1 42>
 V_SPACE <42 194 42>
 FONT 0 SIZE 120000 BOLD OFF MARGINS <97 97 194 48>
 TXTXYOFF <0 0>
 PNTS (0,0)(6500,0)(6500,1375)(0,1375)(0,0)
 .STR
  V_SPACE <42 167 42>
  "In theory, you "
 .STR
  ITALICS ON
  "could"
 .STR
  ITALICS OFF
  " connect them directly into the core switches, IF they have two
  ethernet ports, AND they have an OSPF implementation that you t
 rust, AND you are sure they will not flap routes (e.g. announce 
 a separate /32 for each dial-in user!)\nSafer bet to connect the
 m downstream of access router(s), with defaultroute/HSRP. Use st
 atic routes on the access routers to point to their dial-in IP p
 ool. These routers will then \"redistribute static\" to let the 
 other routers know about it. Gives you more control and less rel
 iance on possibly unreliable OSPF implementations."
.TXT AT (375,4125)
 V_SPACE <42 194 42>
 PNTS (0,0)(6500,0)(6500,1125)(0,1125)(0,0)
 .STR
  V_SPACE <42 167 42>
  "Two routers, using HSRP/VRRP or equivalent\nUse for essential s
 ervices such as mail and dial-in servers\nNote that the two rout
 ers will still have to connect to a common switch, which is a si
 ngle point of failure. So it's still worth putting servers on se
 parate IP subnets where you can: especially radius servers, DNS 
 servers."
.TXT AT (327,3179)
 PARA <0 0 0 0 1000 1 1 111>
 V_SPACE <0 194 0>
 FONT 2 SIZE 140000 BOLD ON MARGINS <0 0 0 0>
 TXTXYOFF <-8 143>
 T_PNTS (0,143)(0,0)(2330,0)(2330,186)(0,186)(0,143)(2330,143)
 .STR
  "Single-attached networks"
.TXT AT (375,3375)
 PARA <-250 250 0 1 1000 1 1 42>
 V_SPACE <42 194 42>
 FONT 0 SIZE 120000 BOLD OFF MARGINS <97 97 194 48>
 TXTXYOFF <0 0>
 PNTS (0,0)(6500,0)(6500,500)(0,500)(0,0)
 .STR
  V_SPACE <42 167 42>
  "Single router connects into both cores. Where resilience is les
 s important, or cannot be provided anyway (e.g. serial ports to 
 leased lined customers)"
.TXT AT (334,3933)
 PARA <0 0 0 0 1000 1 1 111>
 V_SPACE <0 194 0>
 FONT 2 SIZE 140000 BOLD ON MARGINS <0 0 0 0>
 TXTXYOFF <-15 139>
 T_PNTS (0,139)(0,0)(2162,0)(2162,143)(0,143)(0,139)(2162,139)
 .STR
  "Dual-attached networks"
.LINE AT (3375,2000)
 BACKFILL <1 0 0 0 0 0 0>
 THICKNESS 1 L_ARROW 1 FONT 0 BOLD OFF HOR_JUST CENTER MARGINS <97 97 194 48>
 PNTS (0,0)(1750,375)
.TXT AT (5129,2367)
 BACKFILL <1 0 5 1000 0 0 0>
 THICKNESS 0 L_ARROW 0 MARGINS <0 0 0 0>
 TXTXYOFF <-9 133>
 T_PNTS (0,133)(0,0)(496,0)(496,137)(0,137)(0,133)(496,133)
 .STR
  "switch"
.RECT AT (2820,1935)
 BACKFILL <1 4 5 0 0 0 0>
 THICKNESS 1 MARGINS <97 97 194 48>
 PNTS (0,0)(375,0)(375,125)(0,125)(0,0)
.RECT AT (2820,2185)
 PNTS (0,0)(375,0)(375,125)(0,125)(0,0)
.RECT AT (2820,2435)
 PNTS (0,0)(375,0)(375,125)(0,125)(0,0)
.TXT AT (327,6929)
 BACKFILL <1 0 5 1000 0 0 0>
 THICKNESS 0 FONT 2 BOLD ON HOR_JUST LEFT MARGINS <0 0 0 0>
 TXTXYOFF <-8 143>
 T_PNTS (0,143)(0,0)(1484,0)(1484,148)(0,148)(0,143)(1484,143)
 .STR
  "Choice of router"
.TXT AT (375,7125)
 PARA <-250 250 0 1 1000 1 1 42>
 V_SPACE <42 194 42>
 FONT 0 SIZE 120000 BOLD OFF MARGINS <97 97 194 48>
 TXTXYOFF <0 0>
 PNTS (0,0)(6500,0)(6500,1500)(0,1500)(0,0)
 .STR
  V_SPACE <42 167 42>
  "Enough ports, including 2 ethernet ports to link into core. A 5
 -port ethernet router will only give you 3 ports usable for netw
 orks, since the other 2 are for linking into the core.\nEnough p
 erformance to handle the full load of traffic to/from the core.\n
 Robust OSPF implementation with equal-cost multipath support.\nO
 n large Ciscos: remember to enable Cisco Express Forwarding (ip 
 cef [distributed]).\nRedundant PSUs and fans are nice, especiall
 y for single-attached networks"
END PICTURE

SLIDE_INFO
 SLIDE_STYLE <0 -1 1>
END SLIDE_INFO
PICTURE
.POL AT (2125,-125)
 BACKFILL <1 0 0 0 0 0 0>
 THICKNESS 42
 PARA <0 0 0 0 1000 1 1 111>
 V_SPACE <0 194 0>
 SIZE 140000 HOR_JUST CENTER
 PNTS (0,0)(250,1375)
.LINE AT (2625,-125)
 LINEFILL <5 2 5 1000 0 0 0>
 THICKNESS 28
 PNTS (1250,0)(0,1375)
.LINE AT (3625,-125)
 PNTS (250,0)(0,1375)
.POL AT (2125,-125)
 LINEFILL <1 2 5 1000 0 0 0>
 THICKNESS 42
 PNTS (0,0)(1250,1375)
.RECT AT (2125,1250)
 BACKFILL <1 2 5 0 0 0 0>
 THICKNESS 1
 PNTS (0,0)(750,0)(750,500)(0,500)(0,0)
.RECT AT (3125,1250)
 PNTS (0,0)(750,0)(750,500)(0,500)(0,0)
.POL AT (2750,1750)
 BACKFILL <1 0 0 0 0 0 0>
 PNTS (0,0)(0,250)(500,250)(500,0)(500,0)
.LINE AT (2875,2000)
 PNTS (0,0)(0,125)
.LINE AT (3000,2000)
 PNTS (0,0)(0,125)
.LINE AT (3125,2000)
 PNTS (0,0)(0,125)
.RECT AT (500,-375)
 BACKFILL <1 2 5 0 0 0 0>
 LINEFILL <0 2 5 1000 0 0 0>
 PNTS (0,0)(3625,0)(3625,1375)(0,1375)(0,0)
.TXT AT (2218,130)
 BACKFILL <1 0 5 1000 0 0 0>
 LINEFILL <1 2 5 1000 0 0 0>
 THICKNESS 0
 V_SPACE <0 333 0>
 FONT 2 SIZE 240000 BOLD ON L_SPACE 333 MARGINS <0 0 0 0>
 TXTXYOFF <-14 245>
 T_PNTS (0,245)(0,0)(2872,0)(2872,318)(0,318)(0,245)(2872,245)
 .STR
  L_SPACE 194
  "Connecting a NAS"
.RECT AT (2820,1935)
 BACKFILL <1 4 5 0 0 0 0>
 THICKNESS 1
 V_SPACE <0 194 0>
 FONT 0 SIZE 140000 BOLD OFF MARGINS <97 97 194 48>
 PNTS (0,0)(375,0)(375,125)(0,125)(0,0)
.RECT AT (2250,2500)
 BACKFILL <1 0 0 0 0 0 0>
 PNTS (0,0)(1000,0)(1000,250)(0,250)(0,0)
.POL AT (2750,2125)
 PNTS (0,375)(125,0)
.LINE AT (2375,2750)
 PNTS (0,0)(0,375)
.LINE AT (2500,2750)
 PNTS (0,0)(0,375)
.LINE AT (2625,2750)
 PNTS (0,0)(0,375)
.LINE AT (2750,2750)
 PNTS (0,0)(0,375)
.LINE AT (2875,2750)
 PNTS (0,0)(0,375)
.LINE AT (3000,2750)
 PNTS (0,0)(0,375)
.LINE AT (3125,2750)
 PNTS (0,0)(0,375)
.ELL AT (2250,3000)
 PNTS (0,0)(1000,0)(1000,250)(0,250)(0,0)
.TXT AT (3125,3117)
 BACKFILL <1 0 5 1000 0 0 0>
 THICKNESS 0 MARGINS <0 0 0 0>
 TXTXYOFF <0 133>
 T_PNTS (0,133)(0,0)(941,0)(941,370)(0,370)(0,133)(941,133)
 .STR
  ".192/26\nDial-in pool"
.LINE AT (2500,1500)
 BACKFILL <1 0 0 0 0 0 0>
 THICKNESS 1 STYLE 1 R_ARROW 1 MARGINS <97 97 194 48>
 PNTS (0,0)(125,875)
.LINE AT (3250,1500)
 PNTS (250,0)(0,875)
.TXT AT (3695,1886)
 BACKFILL <1 0 5 1000 0 0 0>
 THICKNESS 0 STYLE 0 R_ARROW 0
 V_SPACE <0 167 0>
 SIZE 120000 L_SPACE 167 MARGINS <0 0 0 0>
 TXTXYOFF <1 114>
 T_PNTS (0,114)(0,0)(908,0)(908,286)(0,286)(0,114)(908,114)
 .STR
  L_SPACE 194
  "Static route:\n.192/26 via .7"
.TXT AT (1207,1886)
 L_SPACE 167
 T_PNTS (0,114)(0,0)(908,0)(908,286)(0,286)(0,114)(908,114)
 .STR
  L_SPACE 194
  "Static route:\n.192/26 via .7"
.TXT AT (2817,2330)
 V_SPACE <0 194 0>
 SIZE 140000
 TXTXYOFF <-14 129>
 T_PNTS (0,129)(0,0)(123,0)(123,132)(0,132)(0,129)(123,129)
 .STR
  ".7"
.TXT AT (2556,2552)
 FONT 2 BOLD ON
 TXTXYOFF <-13 143>
 T_PNTS (0,143)(0,0)(389,0)(389,148)(0,148)(0,143)(389,143)
 .STR
  "NAS"
.TXT AT (4048,1011)
 V_SPACE <0 167 0>
 FONT 0 SIZE 120000 BOLD OFF L_SPACE 167
 TXTXYOFF <-3 114>
 T_PNTS (0,114)(0,0)(1199,0)(1199,284)(0,284)(0,114)(1199,114)
 .STR
  L_SPACE 194
  "Redistribute static\ninto OSPF"
.TXT AT (375,3875)
 PARA <-250 250 0 1 1000 1 1 115>
 V_SPACE <42 194 42>
 HOR_JUST LEFT MARGINS <97 97 194 48>
 TXTXYOFF <0 0>
 PNTS (0,0)(6500,0)(6500,875)(0,875)(0,0)
 .STR
  PARA <-250 250 0 1 1000 1 1 42>
  V_SPACE <42 167 42>
  "NAS does not need to participate in OSPF\nSingle netblock for d
 ial-in pool announced to rest of network\n"
 .STR
  ITALICS ON
  "!! You will break static IP accounts unless all static IP users
  hit the same NAS !!"
END PICTURE

SLIDE_INFO
 SLIDE_STYLE <0 -1 1>
END SLIDE_INFO
PICTURE
.TXT AT (1759,130)
 PARA <0 0 0 0 1000 1 1 111>
 V_SPACE <0 333 0>
 FONT 2 SIZE 240000 BOLD ON ITALICS OFF HOR_JUST CENTER L_SPACE 333
 MARGINS <0 0 0 0>
 TXTXYOFF <-25 245>
 T_PNTS (0,245)(0,0)(3803,0)(3803,253)(0,253)(0,245)(3803,245)
 .STR
  L_SPACE 194
  "Beware Static IP dial-ins"
.TXT AT (334,1304)
 V_SPACE <0 194 0>
 SIZE 140000 HOR_JUST LEFT
 TXTXYOFF <-15 143>
 T_PNTS (0,143)(0,0)(3807,0)(3807,186)(0,186)(0,143)(3807,143)
 .STR
  "Do you provide a static IP dial-in service?"
.TXT AT (375,1500)
 PARA <-250 250 0 1 1000 1 1 115>
 V_SPACE <42 194 42>
 FONT 0 SIZE 120000 BOLD OFF MARGINS <97 97 194 48>
 TXTXYOFF <0 0>
 PNTS (0,0)(6500,0)(6500,1250)(0,1250)(0,0)
 .STR
  V_SPACE <42 167 42>
  "IT DOESN'T SCALE\nThe last thing you want is flapping /32 route
 s throughout your network whenever customers dial in or hang up.
  They will kill your routers.\nIt might work now, but you will h
 ave severe problems in the future\nSupporting it will become ver
 y expensive"
.GRP
 BACKFILL <1 0 0 0 0 0 0>
 THICKNESS 1
 PARA <0 0 0 0 1000 1 0 111>
 V_SPACE <0 250 0>
 SIZE 180000 L_SPACE 250 MARGINS <125 125 250 62>
 .POL AT (27,27)
  BACKFILL <1 0 0 5 0 0 0>
  THICKNESS 0
  PNTS (803,946)(817,946)(831,944)(845,940)(858,936)(871,928)(883,922)
       (895,913)(904,904)(913,894)(922,882)(929,871)(936,858)(940,845)
       (944,831)(946,817)(946,802)(946,144)(946,130)(944,115)(940,101)
       (936,88)(929,75)(922,64)(913,52)(904,42)(895,33)(883,25)(871,18)
       (858,10)(845,6)(831,2)(817,0)(803,0)(144,0)(130,0)(115,2)(101,6)
       (88,10)(75,18)(64,25)(52,33)(43,42)(33,52)(25,64)(18,75)(11,88)
       (6,101)(3,115)(0,130)(0,144)(0,802)(0,817)(3,831)(6,845)(11,858)
       (18,871)(25,882)(33,894)(43,904)(52,913)(64,922)(75,928)(88,936)
       (101,940)(115,944)(130,946)(144,946)(803,946)
 .POL AT (830,829)
  PNTS (117,0)(118,0)(116,12)(115,24)(111,36)(108,46)(103,57)(97,66)
       (90,76)(83,84)(75,91)(66,98)(56,104)(46,109)(35,112)(23,116)
       (12,117)(0,118)(0,171)(16,170)(34,168)(50,163)(66,157)(81,150)
       (95,142)(108,131)(120,120)(130,109)(141,96)(149,82)(156,66)
       (162,51)(167,35)(169,17)(170,0)(170,0)(117,0)
 .POL AT (947,171)
  PNTS (0,0)(1,0)(0,658)(53,658)(53,0)(53,0)(0,0)
 .POL AT (830,0)
  PNTS (0,53)(1,53)(12,54)(23,55)(35,59)(46,63)(56,67)(66,73)(75,80)
       (83,87)(90,95)(97,105)(103,114)(108,125)(111,135)(115,147)
       (116,159)(117,171)(170,171)(169,154)(167,137)(162,120)(156,105)
       (149,89)(141,75)(130,63)(120,51)(108,40)(95,29)(81,21)(66,14)
       (50,8)(34,3)(16,1)(0,0)(0,0)(0,53)
 .POL AT (171,0)
  PNTS (0,53)(1,53)(659,53)(659,0)(0,0)(0,0)(0,53)
 .POL AT (0,0)
  PNTS (53,171)(54,171)(54,159)(55,147)(59,135)(63,125)(67,114)(73,105)
       (80,95)(87,87)(95,80)(105,73)(114,67)(125,63)(135,59)(147,55)
       (159,54)(171,53)(171,0)(154,1)(137,3)(120,8)(105,14)(90,21)
       (75,29)(63,40)(51,51)(40,63)(30,75)(21,89)(14,105)(8,120)(4,137)
       (1,154)(0,171)(0,171)(53,171)
 .POL AT (0,171)
  PNTS (53,658)(54,658)(53,0)(0,0)(0,658)(0,658)(53,658)
 .POL AT (0,829)
  PNTS (171,118)(172,118)(159,117)(147,116)(135,112)(125,109)(114,104)
       (105,98)(95,91)(87,84)(80,76)(73,66)(67,57)(63,46)(59,36)(55,24)
       (54,12)(53,0)(0,0)(1,17)(4,35)(8,51)(14,66)(21,82)(30,96)(40,109)
       (51,120)(63,131)(75,142)(90,150)(105,157)(120,163)(137,168)
       (154,170)(171,171)(171,171)(171,118)
 .POL AT (171,947)
  PNTS (659,0)(660,0)(0,0)(0,53)(659,53)(659,53)(659,0)
 .POL AT (27,27)
  BACKFILL <7 0 0 5 0 0 0>
  PNTS (803,946)(817,946)(831,944)(845,940)(858,936)(871,928)(883,922)
       (895,913)(904,904)(913,894)(922,882)(929,871)(936,858)(940,845)
       (944,831)(946,817)(946,802)(946,144)(946,130)(944,115)(940,101)
       (936,88)(929,75)(922,64)(913,52)(904,42)(895,33)(883,25)(871,18)
       (858,10)(845,6)(831,2)(817,0)(803,0)(144,0)(130,0)(115,2)(101,6)
       (88,10)(75,18)(64,25)(52,33)(43,42)(33,52)(25,64)(18,75)(11,88)
       (6,101)(3,115)(0,130)(0,144)(0,802)(0,817)(3,831)(6,845)(11,858)
       (18,871)(25,882)(33,894)(43,904)(52,913)(64,922)(75,928)(88,936)
       (101,940)(115,944)(130,946)(144,946)(803,946)
 .POL AT (830,829)
  BACKFILL <2 0 0 5 0 0 0>
  PNTS (134,0)(135,0)(134,15)(131,28)(128,40)(123,52)(117,64)(110,76)
       (103,86)(95,96)(86,104)(75,111)(63,118)(52,124)(40,129)(27,132)
       (14,134)(0,134)(0,154)(15,154)(30,151)(45,148)(59,142)(73,134)
       (86,128)(97,120)(108,109)(119,98)(127,86)(134,74)(141,60)(147,46)
       (150,31)(153,16)(154,0)(154,0)(134,0)
 .POL AT (964,171)
  PNTS (0,0)(1,0)(0,658)(20,658)(20,0)(20,0)(0,0)
 .POL AT (830,17)
  PNTS (0,20)(1,20)(14,20)(27,22)(40,26)(52,30)(63,36)(75,43)(86,50)
       (95,58)(103,68)(110,78)(117,90)(123,102)(128,114)(131,126)
       (134,140)(134,154)(154,154)(153,138)(150,123)(147,109)(141,95)
       (134,80)(127,68)(119,56)(108,46)(97,35)(86,26)(73,20)(59,12)
       (45,6)(30,3)(15,1)(0,0)(0,0)(0,20)
 .POL AT (171,17)
  PNTS (0,20)(1,20)(659,20)(659,0)(0,0)(0,0)(0,20)
 .POL AT (17,17)
  PNTS (20,154)(21,154)(20,140)(22,126)(26,114)(30,102)(36,90)(43,78)
       (50,68)(58,58)(68,50)(78,43)(90,36)(102,30)(114,26)(127,22)
       (140,20)(154,20)(154,0)(138,1)(123,3)(109,6)(95,12)(81,20)
       (68,26)(56,35)(46,46)(35,56)(27,68)(20,80)(13,95)(7,109)(3,123)
       (1,138)(0,154)(0,154)(20,154)
 .POL AT (17,171)
  PNTS (20,658)(21,658)(20,0)(0,0)(0,658)(0,658)(20,658)
 .POL AT (17,829)
  PNTS (154,134)(155,134)(140,134)(127,132)(114,129)(102,124)(90,118)
       (78,111)(68,104)(58,96)(50,86)(43,76)(36,64)(30,52)(26,40)
       (22,28)(20,15)(20,0)(0,0)(1,16)(3,31)(7,46)(13,60)(20,74)(27,86)
       (35,98)(46,109)(56,120)(68,128)(81,134)(95,142)(109,148)(123,151)
       (138,154)(154,154)(154,154)(154,134)
 .POL AT (171,963)
  PNTS (659,0)(660,0)(0,0)(0,20)(659,20)(659,20)(659,0)
 .POL AT (131,148)
  BACKFILL <48 0 0 5 0 0 0>
  PNTS (653,642)(678,638)(698,633)(712,623)(720,611)(725,596)(724,579)
       (719,559)(711,537)(425,43)(418,33)(410,25)(403,17)(395,11)
       (387,6)(379,3)(371,1)(365,0)(357,1)(350,3)(342,7)(333,12)(326,18)
       (318,26)(311,34)(303,43)(26,521)(26,521)(11,542)(3,563)(0,582)
       (2,599)(10,616)(23,627)(41,637)(64,642)(653,642)
 .POL AT (436,587)
  BACKFILL <1 0 0 5 0 0 0>
  PNTS (64,130)(77,129)(88,124)(99,118)(108,111)(115,102)(121,90)
       (126,78)(127,65)(126,52)(121,40)(115,29)(108,20)(99,12)(88,6)
       (77,2)(64,0)(52,2)(40,6)(28,12)(19,20)(12,29)(6,40)(1,52)(0,65)
       (1,78)(6,90)(12,102)(19,111)(28,118)(40,124)(52,129)(64,130)
 .POL AT (432,248)
  PNTS (102,330)(136,69)(135,55)(131,42)(124,31)(116,21)(105,12)(94,6)
       (81,1)(68,0)(55,1)(42,6)(30,12)(21,21)(11,31)(5,42)(1,55)(0,69)
       (34,330)(102,330)
END .GRP
.TXT AT (327,2929)
 BACKFILL <1 0 5 1000 0 0 0>
 PARA <0 0 0 0 1000 1 1 111>
 V_SPACE <0 194 0>
 FONT 2 SIZE 140000 BOLD ON L_SPACE 194 MARGINS <0 0 0 0>
 TXTXYOFF <-8 143>
 T_PNTS (0,143)(0,0)(1776,0)(1776,186)(0,186)(0,143)(1776,143)
 .STR
  "Suggested solution"
.TXT AT (375,3125)
 PARA <-250 250 0 0 1000 1 1 115>
 V_SPACE <42 194 42>
 FONT 0 SIZE 120000 BOLD OFF MARGINS <97 97 194 48>
 TXTXYOFF <0 0>
 PNTS (0,0)(6500,0)(6500,1250)(0,1250)(0,0)
 .STR
  PARA <-250 250 0 0 1000 1 1 42>
  V_SPACE <42 167 42>
  "1.   Make sure that all static IP addresses are within the same
  netblock(s)\n2.   Make sure your existing static IP users all h
 it ONE NAS. You may have to set up a separate telephone number (
 hunt group) and get them to use this number.\n3.   Static route 
 this netblock to this NAS\n4.   DON'T SELL ANY MORE STATIC IP AC
 COUNTS"
.TXT AT (334,4554)
 PARA <0 0 0 0 1000 1 1 111>
 V_SPACE <0 194 0>
 FONT 2 SIZE 140000 BOLD ON MARGINS <0 0 0 0>
 TXTXYOFF <-15 143>
 T_PNTS (0,143)(0,0)(4474,0)(4474,186)(0,186)(0,143)(4474,143)
 .STR
  "Do your customers "
 .STR
  ITALICS ON
  "really"
 .STR
  ITALICS OFF
  " need static IP anyway?"
.TXT AT (375,4750)
 PARA <-250 250 0 1 1000 1 1 115>
 V_SPACE <42 194 42>
 FONT 0 SIZE 120000 BOLD OFF MARGINS <97 97 194 48>
 TXTXYOFF <0 0>
 PNTS (0,0)(6500,0)(6500,1875)(0,1875)(0,0)
 .STR
  PARA <-250 250 0 1 1000 1 1 42>
  V_SPACE <42 167 42>
  "In many cases, what they really want is SMTP mail delivery. The
 re are other ways of providing this.\nSet up a mailserver which 
 can 'kick' out mail via SMTP to their dynamic IP address. (Tools
  you can use include 'fetchmail' and 'serialmail'). It can be tr
 iggered by dialling in (in your radius server), or by ETRN. Unfo
 rtunately this requires some scripting or coding.\nUsually this 
 is for NT Exchange servers, and there is now a module available 
 which can pull mail using POP3 instead.\nIf there is a big finan
 cial disincentive to using static IP, customers will be more cre
 ative in finding alternative solutions."
END PICTURE

*END GRAPHICS